尽管对各种特定于足球的伤害预防计划进行了有前途的研究，但腿筋拉伤 (HSI) 仍然是这项运动中的一个主要问题。因此，为了扩大目前关于 HSI 预防的知识，本系统评价旨在确定HSI 的可改变风险因素（腘绳肌力量、腘绳肌：股四头肌 [H:Q] 力量比、股二头肌长头束长度、和腿筋峰值扭矩的角度）在各种训练干预后发生了变化。该协议已在 PROSPERO (CRD42020177363) 上预注册。文献检索是在 PubMed、SportDISCUS 和 Web of Science 上进行的。在搜索过程之后，20 项研究被纳入系统评价，并报告了这些研究的方法学质量。根据运动特征（运动速度和收缩类型）对干预措施进行分类，并针对所有提出的HSI风险因素分别分析每个干预亚组的效果。我们的研究结果表明，多种运动类型（即高速和低速运动、仅离心运动和传统运动）可以改善所有风险因素与较少的运动类型相比，HSIs。因此，这些发现表明，与仅进行 1 或 2 种特定锻炼相比，使用多种锻炼可以最好地改变腘绳肌损伤的危险因素。

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The Effects of Training Interventions on Modifiable Hamstring Strain Injury Risk Factors in Healthy Soccer Players: A Systematic Review

Despite promising research on various soccer-specific injury prevention programs, hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) persist in being a major problem in the sport. Therefore, in an attempt to expand the current knowledge on the prevention of HSIs, this systematic review aimed to identify how modifiable risk factors for HSIs (hamstring strength, hamstring:quadriceps [H:Q] strength ratios, biceps femoris long head fascicle length, and hamstring angle of peak torque) were altered following various training interventions. The protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42020177363). The literature search was conducted on PubMed, SportDISCUS, and Web of Science. Following the search process, 20 studies were included in the systematic review, and the methodological quality of these studies was reported. Interventions were categorized based on exercise characteristics (movement velocity and contraction type), and the effects of each intervention subgroup were analyzed separately for all proposed risk factors for HSIs. Our findings show that a broad variety of exercise types (i.e., high- and low-velocity movements, eccentric only and traditional exercises) improves all risk factors for HSIs compared with fewer exercise types. Therefore, these findings suggest that hamstring injury risk factors can best be modified using a wide variety of exercises compared with, for example, only 1 or 2 specific exercises.